�A study by researchers at the Joslin Diabetes Center has shown that a protein known for its role in inducement bone growth can also help push the developing of brownness fat, a "good" fat that helps in the expenditure of energy and plays a role in fighting obesity.
"Obesity is occurring at epidemic rates in the U.S. and universal and that impacts the risk and prognosis of many diseases," said Yu-Hua Tseng, Ph.D. an Assistant Investigator in the Joslin Section on Obesity and Hormone Action and lead author of the paper published in Nature. "We hope this study bathroom be translated into applications to facilitate treat or prevent obesity."
Tseng noted that obesity is a major risk cistron for type 2 diabetes and is closely joined to the metabolic syndrome, a collection of medical problems associated with insulin resistance that can lead to an increased risk of coronary artery disease, the buildup of memorial tablet in coronary thrombosis arteries that leads to heart attack and stroke.
In laboratory studies of mouse cells, Tseng and her colleagues identified that a bone-inducing protein called BMP-7 drives precursor cells that give rise to get on brown fat cells. According to Tseng, there ar two main types of fat cells in the body - white and brown.
"White fat cells ar the 'conventional' form of fat intentional to store energy. By contrast, the main role of brown University fat is to burn down calories by generating heat. Brown juicy cells largely disappear by adulthood in humans, just their precursors still remain in the body," Tseng explained.
A 2005 Joslin study by Dr. Tseng and colleagues observed genes that control the creation of the precursor cells of brown fat. Another more than recent 2007 Joslin study led by C. Ronald Kahn, M.D., head of the Joslin Section on Obesity and Hormone Action and likewise a coauthor of the current Nature study, base clusters of brown fat cells spread between bundles of muscleman fibers in an obesity-resistant strain of mice.
Now, this latest subject identified BMP-7 as the protein capable of inducing the formation and role of brown fat cells. According to the paper, delivery of BMP-7 into mice using adenovirus as a vector resulted in an increase in the development of brown fat tissue. In one of the experiments, the mice that developed brown fat tissue gained less weight than those that did not. In another experimentation, mice that received injections of progenitor cells - similar to stem cells - that had been pre-treated with BMP-7 also developed extra brown fat tissue.
The study sought to address a fundamental motion in adipocyte biology, to wit what controls the development of fat depots. BMPs are a family of proteins known to regulate organ formation during embryonic development. In this study, Dr. Tseng and her colleagues proposed that different members of BMPs settle brown versus white fat cell fate. Scientists hope that improved knowledge of fat development will lead to new drugs or therapeutic approaches to fight obesity.
"Diet and exercise ar still the best approaches for weight reduction in the general population," Tseng said. "However, for people who ar genetically predisposed to corpulency, these approaches may have very little effect."
"As we learn more about the controls of brown rich development, medical interventions to increase vim expenditure by brown fat inducing agents, such as BMP-7, may provide hope to these individuals in losing weight and preventing the metabolic disorders associated with corpulency," she said.
The study was funded by grants from the National Institutes of Health, the Tanita Healthy Weight Community and the Miles Shore 50th Anniversary Scholar Program of Harvard Medical School.
Others participating in the research were Tim J. Schultz, Tian Lian Huang, Jonathon N. Winnay, Cullen M. Taniguchi, Thien T. Tran, Ryo Suzuki, Daniel O. Espinosa, Yuji Yakamoto and C. Ronald Kahn, the Mary K. Iacocca Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, all of the Joslin Section on Obesity and Hormone Action; Efi Kokkotou of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Molly J. Ahrens and Andrew T. Dudley of Northwestern University; Andrew W. Norris of University of Iowa Children's Hospital; and Rohit N. Kulkarni of the Joslin Section on Cellular and Molecular Physiology.
About Joslin Diabetes Center
Joslin Diabetes Center is the world's preeminent diabetes clinic, diabetes research heart and supplier of diabetes education. Joslin is consecrated to ensuring people with diabetes live long, good for you lives and offers real hope and progress toward diabetes prevention and a cure for the disease. Founded in 1898 by Elliott P. Joslin, M.D., Joslin is an autonomous nonprofit psychiatric hospital affiliated with Harvard Medical School. For more information about Joslin, call 1-800-JOSLIN-1 or visit http://www.joslin.org/.
Source: Kira Jastive
Joslin Diabetes Center
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J.J. Johnson
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